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Provided its presentation and development, it may be refractory to process by old-fashioned single polymeric ureteral stents. With a higher failure rate than causes of harmless ureteral obstruction, a great many other options are available for initial management, along with instances of first-line treatment failure, including tandem stents, metallic stents, percutaneous nephrostomies and extra-anatomic stents. We evaluated the literary works and performed a PubMed search like the following key wo