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To establish an in vitro model of radiation-induced lung injury using rat lung alveolar macrophages (NR8383). Using a medical electronic linear accelerator, cells were irradiated with either 0 Gy or 6 Gy X-rays. At 6, 12, 24, 30 and 48 h, the DNA damage index (8-OHdG) and lipid damage index (MDA) were measured in the two groups. We also determined the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The levels of 8-OHdG and MDA in the 6 Gy irradiation group were higher than